List of Eye Diseases

 

List of Eye Diseases

This is a partial list of human eye diseases and disorders.

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DISORDERS OF EYELID, LACRIMAL SYSTEM AND ORBIT

• Hordeolum ("stye" or "sty") — a bacterial infection of sebaceous glands of eyelashes.
• Chalazion — a cyst in the eyelid (usually upper eyelid)
• Blepharitis — inflammation of eyelids and eyelashes; characterized by white flaky skin near the eyelashes
• Entropion and trichiasis
• Ectropion
• Lagophthalmos
• Blepharochalasis
• Ptosis
• Xanthelasma of eyelid
• Parasitic infestation of eyelid in diseases classified elsewhere
  • Dermatitis of eyelid due to Demodex species
  • Parasitic infestation of eyelid in:
    • leishmaniasis
    • loiasis
    • onchocerciasis
    • phthiriasis
• Involvement of eyelid in other infectious diseases classified elsewhere
  • Involvement of eyelid in:
    • herpesviral (herpes simplex) infection
    • leprosy ( A30.-+ )
    • molluscum contagiosum
    • tuberculosis
    • yaws
    • zoster
• Involvement of eyelid in other diseases classified elsewhere
  • Involvement of eyelid in impetigo
• Dacryoadenitis
• Epiphora
• Dysthyroid exophthalmos it is shown that if your eye comes out that it will shrink because the optic fluids drain out

DISORDERS OF CONJUNCTIVA

• Conjunctivitis — inflammation of the conjunctiva
• Pterygium — benign growth of the conjunctiva
• Subconjunctival hemorrhage — burst blood vessels on conjunctiva
• Conjunctivitis in infectious and parasitic diseases classified elsewhere
  • Conjunctivitis (due to):
    • Acanthamoeba

DISORDERS OF SCLERA, CORNEA, IRIS AND CILIARY BODY

• Scleritis — a painful inflammation of the sclera
• Keratitis — inflammation of the cornea
• Corneal ulcer / Corneal abrasion — loss of the surface epithelial layer of the eye's cornea
• Snow blindness / Arc eye — a painful condition caused by exposure of unprotected eyes to bright light
• Thygeson's superficial punctate keratopathy
• Corneal neovascularization
• Fuchs' dystrophy — cloudy morning vision
• Keratoconus — the cornea thins and changes shape to be more like a cone than a parabole
• Keratoconjunctivitis sicca — dry eyes
• Iritis — inflammation of the iris
• Uveitis — inflammatory process involving the interior of the eye; Sympathetic ophthalmia is a subset.

DISORDERS OF LENS

 

• Cataract — the lens becomes opaque

 

DISORDERS OF CHOROID AND RETINA

 

Chorioretinal inflammation

 

• Chorioretinal inflammation

• Focal chorioretinal inflammation
  • Focal:
    • chorioretinitis
    • choroiditis
    • retinitis

• Disseminated chorioretinal inflammation
  • Disseminated:
    • chorioretinitis
    • choroiditis
    • retinitis

·                                 Excludes: exudative retinopathy

• Posterior cyclitis
  • Pars planitis
• Other chorioretinal inflammations
  • Harada's disease
• Chorioretinal inflammation, unspecified
  • Chorioretinitis
  • Choroiditis
  • Retinitis

Other disorders of choroid

Other disorders of choroid

• Chorioretinal scars
  • Macula scars of posterior pole (postinflammatory) (post-traumatic)
  • Solar retinopathy
• Choroidal degeneration
  • Atrophy
  • Sclerosis
    • Excludes: angioid streaks
• Hereditary choroidal dystrophy
  • Choroideremia
  • Dystrophy, choroidal (central areolar) (generalized)
  • Gyrate atrophy, choroid
• Choroidal haemorrhage and rupture
  • Choroidal haemorrhage:
    • NOS (Not Otherwise Specified)
• Choroidal detachment
• Other specified disorders of choroid
• Disorder of choroid, unspecified

Chorioretinal disorders in disease as classified elsewhere

Chorioretinal disorders in diseases classified elsewhere

• Chorioretinal inflammation in infectious and parasitic diseases classified elsewhere
  • Chorioretinitis:
    • syphilitic, late
    • toxoplasma
    • tuberculous
• Other chorioretinal disorders in diseases classified elsewhere

H33 Retinal detachments and breaks

• Retinal detachment — the retina detaches from the choroid, leading to blurred and distorted vision
• Retinoschisis — the retina separates into several layers and may detach

Other retinal disorders

• Hypertensive retinopathy — burst blood vessels, due to long-term high blood pressure
  • Diabetic retinopathy — damage to the retina caused by complications of diabetes mellitus, which could eventually lead to blindness
• Retinopathy — general term referring to non-inflammatory damage to the retina
• Retinopathy of prematurity — scarring and retinal detachment in premature babies
• Age-related macular degeneration — the photosensitive cells in the macula malfunction and over time cease to work
• Macular degeneration — loss of central vision, due to macular degeneration
• Epiretinal membrane — a transparent layer forms and tightens over the retina
• Peripheral retinal degeneration
• Hereditary retinal dystrophy
• Retinitis pigmentosa — genetic disorder; tunnel vision preceded by night-blindness
• Retinal haemorrhage
• Separation of retinal layers
• Other specified retinal disorders
• Macular edema — distorted central vision, due to a swollen macula
• Retinal disorder, unspecified

GLAUCOMA

• Glaucoma — optic neuropathy

 

DISORDERS OF VITREOUS BODY AND GLOBE

• Floaters — shadow-like shapes which appear singly or together with several others in the field of vision

DISORDERS OF OPTIC NERVE AND VISUAL PATHWAYS

• Leber's hereditary optic neuropathy — genetic disorder; loss of central vision
• Optic disc drusen — globules progressively calcify in the optic disc, compressing the vasculature and optic nerve fibers

DISORDERS OF OCULAR MUSCLES, BINOCULAR MOVEMENT, ACCOMMODATION AND REFRACTION

• Strabismus (Crossed eye/Wandering eye/Walleye) — the eyes do not point in the same direction
  • Ophthalmoparesis — the partial or total paralysis of the eye muscles
  • Progressive external ophthalmoplegia — weakness of the external eye muscles
  • Esotropia — the tendency for eyes to become cross-eyed
  • Exotropia — the tendency for eyes to look outward
• Disorders of refraction and accommodation
  • Hypermetropia (Farsightedness) — the inability to focus on near objects (and in extreme cases, any objects)
  • Myopia (Nearsightedness) — distant objects appear blurred
  • Astigmatism — the cornea or the lens of the eye is not perfectly spherical, resulting in different focal points in different planes
  • Anisometropia — the lenses of the two eyes have different focal lengths
  • Presbyopia — a condition that occurs with growing age and results in the inability to focus on close objects
  • Disorders of accommodation
    • Internal ophthalmoplegia

VISUAL DISTURBANCES AND BLINDNESS

• Amblyopia (lazy eye) — poor or blurry vision due to either no transmission or poor transmission of the visual image to the brain
• Leber's congenital amaurosis — genetic disorder; appears at birth, characterised by sluggish or no pupillary responses
• Scotoma (blind spot) — an area impairment of vision surrounded by a field of relatively well-preserved vision
• Color blindness — the inability to perceive differences between some or all colours that other people can distinguish
  • Achromatopsia / Maskun — a low cone count or lack of function in cone cells
• Nyctalopia (Nightblindness) — a condition making it difficult or impossible to see in the dark
• Blindness — the brain does not receive optical information, through various causes
  • River blindness — blindness caused by long-term infection by a parasitic worm (rare in western societies)
  • micro-opthalmia/coloboma — a disconnection between the optic nerve and the brain and/or spinal cord

OTHER DISORDERS OF EYE AND ADNEXA

• Red eye — conjunctiva appears red typically due to illness or injury
• Argyll Robertson pupil — small, unequal, irregularly shaped pupils

OTHER CODES

The following are not classified as diseases of the eye and adnexa by the World Health Organization:

• Keratomycosis — fungal infection of the cornea
• Xerophthalmia — dry eyes, caused by vitamin A deficiency
• Aniridia — a rare congenital eye condition leading to underdevelopment or even absence of the iris of the eye